By Sarah Anderson

You may often hear about bodybuilders and athletes using whey protein, but not know exactly what it is or what is does for the body. Whey protein is a derivative of two main proteins, casein and whey, that are a by-product formed while making cheese from cow's milk. When milk is heated, the solid curd (casein) that becomes cheese separates from the liquid (whey). When dried and powdered, whey is a good source of protein that supports the immune system and builds muscle. As a nutritional supplement, whey protein powder is intended for adult athletes and bodybuilders who use it to repair and build muscle after exercise.

Whey protein is a combination of a few major proteins, and several minor proteins. It is commonly used as a nutritional supplement by those who wish to increase muscle tissue, but is also used by people who suffer from muscle disease and need to restore lost muscle tissue. There are several different formulations of whey protein available, but the two main types are whey protein concentrate and whey protein isolate. Each variation has a different nutritional profile, cost and contains various levels of whey protein ranging from 35 percent to 95 percent.

When compared with other proteins, such as egg and soy, whey scores high in three measures: digestibility, protein quality and absorbability. Whey protein also differs from other proteins in its ability to stimulate the immune system. Several studies have been done on people with cancer and HIV. Whey protein appears to enhance the body's natural ability to fight infections.

Whey protein supplements are commonly mixed with other ingredients and consumed in shake form. Because whey protein is derived from milk, people who have milk allergies should exercise caution. However, whey protein isolate may reduce gastrointestinal side effects in people who are lactose intolerant because nearly all of the lactose has been removed during filtration. If you are unsure how whey protein will affect you, it is best to check the ingredients listed on the label before consuming and consult your family doctor.

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